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Exercises Page No. 10
1. What are the different forms of power-sharing in modern democracies? Give an example of each of these.
Answer.
There are different forms of power-sharing in modern democracies. These are given below:
2. State one prudential reason and one moral reason for power-sharing with an example from the Indian context.
Answer.
(1) Prudential reason:(2) Moral reason:
3. After reading this chapter, three students drew different conclusions. Which of these do you agree with and why? Give your reasons in about 50 words. Thomman – Power sharing is necessary only in societies which have religious, linguistic or ethnic divisions. Mathayi – Power sharing is suitable only for big countries that have regional divisions. Ouseph – Every society needs some form of power sharing even if it is small or does not have social divisions.
Answer.
Ouseph’s conclusion is the right one. Every state should have some or the other form of power-sharing. Power-sharing ensures an optimum balance between different sections in the society. The chances of conflict lessen, and so does the injustice. Hence, power-sharing becomes the value of democracy. Also, power-sharing is a good way to ensure the stability of political order
4. The Mayor of Merchtem, a town near Brussels in Belgium, has defended a ban on speaking French in the town’s schools. He said that the ban would help all non-Dutch speakers integrate into this Flemish town. Do you think that this measure is in keeping with the spirit of Belgium’s power-sharing arrangements? Give your reasons in about 50 words.
Answer.
The measure of Mayor of Merchtem to ban on French-speaking in the town’s schools near Brussels is unfair. It does not keep with Belgium’s power-sharing arrangement. Power-sharing helps maintain a balance between different sections of society, and in Belgium, there is a need to maintain the power-sharing between Dutch and French to avoid civil unrest. Banning French will promote the tendency of civil unrest. To promote peace among different communities, the Mayor should promote bilingual education system in the town’s schools.
5. Read the following passage and pick out any one of the prudential reasons for power sharing offered in this. “We need to give more power to the panchayats to realise the dream of Mahatma Gandhi and the hopes of the makers of our Constitution. Panchayati Raj establishes true democracy. It restores power to the only place where power belongs in a democracy – in the hands of the people. Giving power to Panchayats is also a way to reduce corruption and increase administrative efficiency. When people participate in the planning and implementation of developmental schemes, they would naturally exercise greater control over these schemes. This would eliminate the corrupt middlemen. Thus, Panchayati Raj will strengthen the foundations of our democracy.”
Answer.
The prudential reason in the given passage is – “Giving power to Panchayats is also a way to reduce corruption and increase administrative efficiency.”
6. Different arguments are usually put forth in favour of and against power-sharing. Identify those which are in favour of power-sharing and select the answer using the codes given below? Power-sharing:
G. undermines the unity of a country
(a) | A | B | D | F |
(b) | A | C | E | F |
(c) | A | B | D | G |
(d) | B | C | D | G |
Answer.
(a) | A | B | D | F |
7. Consider the following statements about power-sharing arrangements in Belgium and Sri Lanka.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) A, B, C and D
(b) A, B and D
(c) C and D
(d) B, C and D
Answer.
(d) B, C and D
8. Match List I (forms of power-sharing) with List-II (forms of government) and select the correct answer using the codes given below in the lists:
List I | List II | |
1. | Power shared among different organs of government | A. Community government |
2. | Power shared among governments at different levels | B. Separation of powers |
3. | Power shared by different social groups | C. Coalition government |
4. | Power shared by two or more political parties | D. Federal government |
Answer.
List I | List II | |
1. | Power shared among different organs of government | Separation of powers |
2. | Power shared among governments at different levels | Federal government |
3. | Power shared by different social groups | Community government |
4. | Power shared by two or more political parties | Coalition government |
9. Consider the following two statements on power-sharing and select the answer using the codes given below:
A). Power-sharing is good for democracy.
B). It helps to reduce the possibility of conflict between social groups.
Which of these statements are true and false?
(a) A is true but B is false |
(b) Both A and B are true |
(c) Both A and B are false |
(d) A is false but B is true |
Answer.
(b) Both A and B are true