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NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Geography Chapter 1 – Environment

Back Exercise

Question 1.
Answer the following questions.

  1. What is an ecosystem?
  2. What do you mean by the natural environment?
  3. Which are the major components of the environment?
  4. Give four examples of a human-made environment.
  5. What is the lithosphere?
  6. Which are the two major components of the biotic environment?
  7. What is the biosphere?

Answer.

  1. The system formed by the interaction between living organisms themselves and between living organisms and their surroundings is called an ecosystem.
  2. By natural environment, we mean the surroundings created by nature. The objects (surroundings) created by nature include mountains, plateaus, plains, valleys, forests, wildlife, land, air, and water.
  3. Major Components of the Environment
    • Natural Components:
      • Land (Lithosphere).
      • Water (Hydrosphere).
      • Air (Atmosphere).
      • Living things (Organisms).
    • Human-made Components:
      • Buildings.
      • Parks.
      • Bridges.
      • Roads.
      • Monuments.
      • Industries.
    •  Humans
      • Individuals
      • Religion
      • Political situation
      • Family
      • Education
      • Community
      • Economic
  4. Examples of Human-made Environment: (Any four)
    • Buildings
    • Parks
    • Bridges
    • Roads
    • Monuments
    • Industries.
  5. The lithosphere is the hard top layer of the earth.
  6. Two basic components of Biotic Environments
    • Plants
    • Animals
  7. A narrow zone on the earth where land, air, and water support life by interacting with each other is called the biosphere.

Question 2.
Tick the correct answer.
(i) Which is not a natural ecosystem?
(a) Desert
(b) Aquarium
(c) Forest
Answer.
(b) Aquarium

(ii) Which is not a component of the human environment?
(a) Land
(b) Religion
(c) Community
Answer.
(a) Land

(iii) Which is a human-made environment?
(a) Mountain
(b) Sea
(c) Road
Answer.
(c) Road

(iv) Which is a threat to the environment?
(а) Growing plant
(b) Growing population
(c) Growing crops
Answer.
(b) Growing population.

Question 3.
Match the following.
(i) Biosphere                                             (a) blanket of air which surrounds the earth
(ii) Atmosphere                                        (b) domain of water
(iii) Hydrosphere                                      (c) gravitational force of the earth
(iv) Environment                                       (d) our surroundings
                                                                 (e) the narrow zone where land water and air interact
                                                                 (f) the relation between the organisms and their surroundings
Answer.
(i) Biosphere                                             (e) narrow zone where land water and air interact
(ii) Atmosphere                                         (a) blanket of air which surrounds the earth
(iii) Hydrosphere                                       (b) domain of water
(iv) Environment                                        (d) our surroundings

Question 4.
Give reasons.

  1. Man modifies his environment
  2. Plants and animals depend on each other

Answer.

  1. Man modifies his environment to meet his various needs. For example, he clears forests for obtaining land for agriculture and for making shelter. He extracts minerals from the earth for making various things. He makes dams for producing electricity. These are a few of the ways in which man modifies his environment.
  2. Animals, whether carnivores or herbivores, ultimately depend on plants for their food. Also, plants provide fresh oxygen to animals to breathe in. These keep the environment clean and provide shelter to a number of animals. On the other hand, animals provide carbon dioxide which plants use for making their food. Dead and decaying matter of animals provides nutrients to plants to help them grow.

Question 5.
Activity.
Imagine an ideal environment where you would love to live. Draw a picture of your ideal environment.
Answer.
An Ideal Environment

  1. Optimum population.
  2. An adequate number of plants (forests) and animals (wildlife).
  3. Pollution-free -Air
    • Water
    • Land.
  4. Adequate health and sanitation services.
  5. Amicable and comfortable surroundings.
  6. No strife, stress, and strains.
  7. Peaceful living.
  8. Adequate government care.

For drawing a picture of the ideal environment, take help from your subject and drawing teacher.

In-Text Questions

Question 1.
Look at your surroundings. Make a list of uses that the land in your neighbourhood is being put to. (NCERT Page 3)
Answer.

  1. Agriculture
  2. Animal Rearing
  3. Buildings
  4. Roads
  5. Institutions
  6. Industries.

Question 2.

  1. Where does the water you use in your home and school come from?
  2. Make a list of different uses of water in our daily life.
  3. Have you seen anyone wasting water? How? (NCERT Page 3)

Answer.

  1. From DJB connection
  2. Uses
    • Drinking – Industrial use
    • Food preparation – Sewage disposal
    • Washing
    • Bathing
    • Cleaning
  3. Yes. By keeping the water tap open and water flowing without any use.

Question 3.
(i) Observe the sky while coming to school.
Make a note of whether the day is cloudy, rainy, sunny, foggy, etc. (NCERT Page 3)
Answer.
The day is sunny

Question 4.
Talk to some elderly person in your neighbourhood and collect information about:
(i) The trees in his her neighbourhood, when he was your age.
(ii) The indoor games he played.
(iii) His/her favourite fruit at your age.
(iv) How did they make themselves comfortable during hot summers and cold winters’?
Display your answers on a wall/bulletin board. (NCERT Page 5)
Answer.

  1. Neem, Peepal, Sheesham.
  2. Table Tennis, Chess, Carom Board.
  3. Mango.
    • In hot summers — sitting under the shadows of trees, fans.
    • In cold winter — sitting in the sun, charcoal fire at night.