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1. How is food security ensured in India?
Answer:
To ensure the availability of food to all sections of the society the Indian government carefully designed food security system, which is composed of two components: (a) buffer stock and (b) public distribution system. Food security is ensured in India in the following ways:
Question 2.
Which are the people more prone to food insecurity?
Answer:
The people more prone to food insecurity are:
Question 3.
Which states are more food insecure in India?
Answer:
The economically backward states with high incidence of poverty are more food insecure in India. The states of Uttar Pradesh (eastern and south-eastern parts), Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal, Chhattisgarh, parts of Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra account for the largest number of food insecure people in the country.
Question 4.
Do you believe that Green Revolution has made India self-sufficient in food grains? How?
Answer:
Green Revolution has made India self-sufficient in food grains. The country has avoided famines even during adverse weather conditions since the advent of the Green Revolution in the early 1960s. A variety of crops being grown all over the country is an outcome of the Green Revolution.
Question 5.
A section of people in India is still without food. Explain.
Answer:
Despite achieving self-sufficiency in food grains, as a result of Green Revolution, a section of people in India are still without food because of poverty. Thus, the landless labourers, casual urban workers, SCs and STs who are below the poverty line find it impossible to get two square meals a day.
The Public Distribution System is not functioning properly because the ration shops owners are diverting the grains to the open market. Low quality grains are available at ration shops which often remain unsold.
Corruption in the Public Distribution System and extreme poverty are the two basic reasons of why some people are still without food in India.
Question 6.
What happens to the supply of food when there is a disaster or a calamity?
Answer:
When there is a disaster or a calamity, the production of food grains decreases in the affected areas. This in turn creates a shortage of food in the area. Due to food shortage, the prices go up. The raised prices of food affects the capacity of many people to buy the same. When a calamity occurs in a very widespread area or is stretched over a long period of time, it may cause a situation of starvation. Massive starvation can take the form of famine.
Question 7.
Differentiate between seasonal hunger and chronic hunger.
Answer:
Seasonal hunger is related to cycles of food growing and harvesting whereas chronic hunger is a consequence of diets persistently inadequate in terms of quantity or quality.
People suffer from seasonal hunger in rural areas because of seasonal nature of agricultural activities and because of causal labour in the urban areas whereas poor people suffer from chronic hunger because of very low income and thereby inability to buy food even for bare survival.
Question 8.
What has our government done to provide food security to the poor? Discuss any two schemes launched by the government.
Answer:
The government has designed the food security system carefully to ensure availability of food to all sections of the society. The system is composed of two componfents, i.e.,
In addition to the above, the government has launched several Poverty Alleviation Programmes (PAPs) that comprise a component of food security. Some of these programmes are Mid-day Meals, Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY) and Food For Work (FFW).
The two schemes launched by the government in this direction are:
Question 9.
Why buffer stock is created by the government?
Answer:
Buffer stock is created by the government to ensure availability of food to all the sections of the society. It helps to resolve the problem of shortage of food during adverse weather conditions or during the periods of calamity.
Question 10.
Write notes on:
(a) Minimum Support Price
(b) Buffer Stock
(c) Issue Price
(d) Fair Price Shops
Answer:
NO IN-TEXT QUESTIONS