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NCERT Solutions for class 6 Civics chapter 4 – Key Elements of a Democratic Government
Back Exercise
1. How would Maya's life be different in South Africa today?
Answer
Maya's life would be different in South Africa today due to following reasons:
(i) Practice of apartheid is abolished today.
(ii) She would have enjoyed equal rights before the law.
(iii) No discrimination on the basis of caste, color, creed and religion.
(iv) She would have the right to choose and participate in the government.
2. What are the various ways in which people participate in the process of government?
Answer
Various ways in which people participate in the process of government:
(i) By participating in the election.
(ii) By casting their vote to choose their government.
(iii) By mass protest like rallies, strikes, signature compaigns etc.
(iv) Limiting the power by regular election.
(v) By expressing their view and criticizing the government on social media, televisions, newspapers etc.
(vi) Keep on track and informed with government works and decisions.
3. Why do you think we need the government to find solutions to many disputes or conflicts?
Answer
We need the government to find solutions to many disputes or conflicts:
(i) It can turn into outrageous or violent movement in future if not solved.
(ii) Government is accountable to its people and thus take care of them.
(iii) It is necessary to maintain peace and laws in the nation.
(iv) To maintain the trust of its people for the maintainance of laws and justice.
4. What actions does the government take to ensure that all people are treated equally?
Answer
Steps the government should take to ensure that all people are treated equally:
(i) Everybody should be treated equally before the law and in the constitution.
(ii) All should be given equal rights to enjoy their freedom.
(iii) There should be no discrimination in providing justice on the basis of caste, colour, creed or religion.
(iv) Special protection should be provided to the underprivileged classes.
(v) Ensuring basic facilities of food, shelter, health and clothes to all.
5. Read through the chapter and discuss some of the key ideas of a democratic government. Make a list. For example, all people are equal.
Answer
Key ideas of a democratic government:
(i) Rights to participate in the formation of government.
(ii) Justice should be provided to all.
(iii) Re election should be held after a fixed period.
(iv) Government should be accountable to its people.
(v) No discrimination on the basis of caste, colour, creed or religion.
(vi) Right to organise mass movements, rallies, protests etc.
In-Text Questions
Question 1.
What were Hector and his classmates protesting about? (NCERT Page 36) Answer:
Hector and his classmates were protesting against the learning of the Afrikaan language which was being forced on them by the whites, in place of their own language, Zulu.
Question 2.
List five ways in which non-whites were discriminated against: (NCERT Page 36) Answer:
Five ways in which non-whites were discrimipated against were:
Hospitals and ambulances were separate for whites and non-whites.
There were separate trains and buses.
Bus stops were also different.
No voting right to non-whites.
Best lands were reserved for whites while non-whites had ownership on worst available land.
Question 3.
Do you think it is important for all persons to be treated equally? Why? (NCERT Page 36) Answer:
Yes we think it is important for all persons to be treated equally because all persons have been born equal.
They have same blood running in their veins.
They have same heart, same bones, same skin and their same body system.
Question 4.
What a democratic government means to all of us? (NCERT Page 36) Answer:
By a democratic government we mean a government of the people, by the people and for the people.
Question 5.
Why do we have regular elections? (NCERT Page 36) Answer:
In a democracy people take the decisions and make laws through their elected representatives.
Through elections they choose their new representatives to represent them in legislatures and parliament.
These representatives take decisions and make laws.
In this way they keep the voices and interests of the people in their mind. Regular elections keep the representatives abreast with the needs and aspirations of the people and act according to these.
They know that if they do not prove equal to the needs and aspirations of the people they may be thrown out and new representatives could be elected.
Question 6.
Discuss: (NCERT Page 37)
Look at some newspapers and discuss some elections that you may have read about. Why do you think elections are required after a fixed period? Answer:
We have read about recent elections held in the country (General Elections), Rajasthan, M.P., Chhattisgarh, J & K, Arunachal Pradesh, Haryana and Kerala (2008-2009).
UPA led by Congress formed government at the centre for the second time in a row.
National Conference led government took over in J & K.
LDF took over in Kerala.
Congress formed government in Rajasthan retained in Haryana.
BJP retained government in M.P. and Chhattisgarh.
Question 7.
Discuss: (NCERT Page 40)
In Maya’s story did the government support the idea that people are equal? In Dr. Ambedkar’s story did the practice of untouchability support the idea that people are equal? Answer:
In Maya’s story the government did not support the idea that people are equal.
In Dr Ambedkar’s story the practice of untouchability did not support the idea that people are euqal. It supported the idea of discrimination and unjust or unequal situation.
Question 8.
Question Box: (NCERT Page 38)
Bead the story (of Hector) again; Do you think the police Shooting of Hector couid have been avoided? How? Answer:
Yes, we think the police shooting of Hector could be avoided by using restraint and by keeping cool on the protesters.
Question 9.
How do you think lowering the school fees would help girls attend school?
Can you think of any experience from your life in which you have helped someone out of a situation which you thought wTas unfair?
Did everyone else see it the same way?
What did you have to say to convince others that what you did was fair? (NCERT Page 40)
Answer:
We think that lowering the school fees would help girls to attend school because parents think that their girls would get education by a very low payment of fees. They would send them to school and would not assume them as burden.
I helped a faqir who was ill clad in winter by providing him woollen clothes. No, it was not an unfair situation, it was a genuine situation.
No, no one saw it the other way.
As my intention was just, all the people around me were convinced by my action. They termed my action as fair.