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I. A Baker from Goa by LUCIO RODRIGUES
Oral Comprehension Check (Page 86)
Question 1:
What are the elders in Goa nostalgic about?
Answer:
The elders in Goa are nostalgic about the good old Portuguese days and their love for the famous bread and loaves. The writer also mentions that although the eaters of loaves have vanished, but the makers still do exist.
Question 2:
Is bread-making still popular in Goa? How do you know?
Answer:
Yes, bread-making is still popular in Goa. It is evident from the fact when the narrator states that the eaters have gone away, but the makers still exist. The presence of the mixers, moulders and the ones who bake the loaves and the time tested furnaces are a proof of their existence.
Question 3:
What is the baker called?
Answer:
A baker is popularly known as a pader in Goa.
Question 4:
When would the baker come everyday? Why did the children run to meet him?
Answer:
The baker would come twice everyday—once he would set out early in the morning and the second time when he returned after emptying his huge basket by selling all his bread.
The children would run to meet him as they loved to eat loaves and longed to have bread-bangles which they chose carefully. Sometimes it was sweet bread of special make.
Oral Comprehension Check (Page 87)
Question 1:
Match the following. What is a must
(i) as marriage gifts? – cakes and bolinhas
(ii) for a party or a feast? – sweet bread called bol
(iii) for a daughter’s engagement? – bread
(iv) for Christmas? – sandwiches
Answer:
(i) as marriage gifts? – sweet bread called bol
(ii) for a party or a feast? – bread
(iii) for a daughter’s engagement? – sandwiches
(iv) for Christmas? – cakes and bolinhas
Question 2:
What did the bakers wear: (i) in the Portuguese days? (ii) when the author was young?
Answer:
(i) In the Portuguese days, the bakers were usually dressed up in a peculiar dress known as the kabai. It was a single-piece long frock reaching down to the knees.
(ii) During the author’s childhood days, he saw the bakers wearing a shirt and trousers which were shorter than full-length ones and longer than half pants.
Question 3:
Who invites the comment — “he is dressed like a pader”? Why?
Answer:
Any person who wears a half-pant that reaches just below the knees invites this comment— “he is dressed like a pader”. This is because the baker who is popularly known as a pader in Goa, used to dress in a similar fashion.
Question 4:
Where were the monthly accounts of the baker recorded?
Answer:
The bakers usually collected their bills at the end of the month and their monthly accounts were recorded on some wall in the house with a pencil.
Question 5:
What does a ‘jackfruit-like appearance’ mean?
Answer:
A ‘jackfruit-like appearance’ means a plump physique. A baker used to resemble such a physique since it was believed that he and his family never starved. Baking was a lucrative profession and the baker, his family and his servants always looked happy and prosperous with their physical appearance.
Thinking about the Text (Page 88)
Question 1:
Which of these statements are correct?
(i) The pader was an important person in the village in old times.
(ii) Paders still exist in Goan villages.
(iii) The paders went away with the Portuguese.
(iv) The paders continue to wear a single-piece long frock.
(v) Bread and cakes were an integral part of Goan life in the old days.
(vi) Traditional bread-baking is still a very profitable business.
(vii) Paders and their families starve in the present times.
Answer:
Question 2:
Is bread an important part of Goan life? How do you know this?
Answer:
Yes, bread is an important part of Goan life. It is often used for marriage gifts and feasts. Bread is also used by mothers for preparing sandwiches during their daughter’s engagement. The author mentions that the fragrance of fresh loaves is loved by everyone in Goa. The elders are served with loaves and the youngsters long for bread-bangles. Therefore, it is necessary to have breads for all occasions in every household. Baking is therefore, considered a profitable business in Goa as people love to drool for tasty bread since the Portuguese days.
Question 3:
Tick the right answer. What is the tone of the author when he says the following?
(i) The thud and the jingle of the traditional baker’s bamboo can still be heard in some places. (nostalgic, hopeful, sad)
(ii) Maybe the father is not alive but the son still carries on the family profession. (nostalgic, hopeful, sad)
(iii) I still recall the typical fragrance of those loaves. (nostalgic, hopeful, naughty)
(iv) The tiger never brushed his teeth. Hot tea could wash and clean up everything so nicely, after all. (naughty, angry, funny)
(v) Cakes and bolinhas are a must for Christmas as well as other festivals. (sad, hopeful, matter-of-fact)
(vi) The baker and his family never starved. They always looked happy and prosperous. (matter-of-fact, hopeful, sad)
Answer:
(i) nostalgic
(ii) hopeful
(iii) nostalgic
(iv) funny
(v) matter-of-fact
(vi) matter-of-fact
II. Coorg by LOKESH ABROL
Thinking about the Text (Page 92-93)
Question 1:
Where is Coorg?
Answer:
Coorg or Kodagu is the smallest district of Karnataka that is located midway between Mysore and Mangalore.
Question 2:
What is the story about the Kodavu people’s descent?
Answer:
The fiercely independent people of Coorg are believed to be the descendants of Greek or Arabic origin. As the story goes, a section of Alexander’s army moved south along the coast and settled there when they could not return to their country. These people married amongst the locals and their culture is apparent in the martial traditions, marriage and religious rites, which are distinct from the Hindu mainstream. This is the beautiful story about the Kodavu people’s descent.
Question 3:
What are some of the things you now know about
(i) the people of Coorg?
(ii) the main crop of Coorg?
(iii) the sports it offers to tourists?
(iv) the animals you are likely to see in Coorg?
(v) its distance from Bangalore, and how to get there?
Answer:
(i) The Coorgi or Kodagu people are fiercely independent people comprising martial men and beautiful women who are believed to have descended from the Greeks or the Arabs. They have a strong tradition of hospitality and they are more than willing to recount numerous tales of bravery that are related to the men of this region. As a matter of fact, the Kodavus are the only people in India who are permitted to carry firearms without a licence.
(ii) Coffee is the main crop of Coorg. The air breathes of invigorating coffee. Coffee estates and colonial bungalows stand tucked under tree canopies in prime corners of the town.
(iii) Coorg offers a variety of high-energy adventure sports that include river rafting, canoeing, rappelling, rock climbing, mountain biking and trekking.
(iv) The animals that you are likely to see in Coorg include Macaques, Malabar squirrel, langurs, slender loris, wild elephants, etc. You can also see birds, bees and butterflies giving you company around the corner.
(v) By road, Coorg is around 250 – 260 kilometres from Bangalore and there are two routes to reach there. One route is via Mysore, which is the most frequented one. The other route is via Neelamangal, Kunigal, Chanrayanapatna.
Question 4:
Here are six sentences with some words in italics. Find phrases from the text that have the same meaning. (Look in the paragraphs indicated)
(i) During monsoons it rains so heavily that tourists do not visit Coorg. (para 2)
(ii) Some people say that Alexander’s army moved south along the coast and settled there. (para 3)
(iii) The Coorg people are always ready to tell stories of their sons’ and fathers’ valour. (para 4)
(iv) Even people who normally lead an easy and slow life get smitten by the high-energy adventure sports of Coorg. (para 6)
(v) The theory of the Arab origin is supported by the long coat with embroidered waist-belt they wear. (para 3)
(vi) Macaques, Malabar squirrels observe you carefully from the tree canopy. (para 7)
Answer:
(i) to keep many visitors away
(ii) As one story goes
(iii) are more than willing to recount
(iv) The most laidback individuals become converts to
(v) draws support from
(vi) keep a watchful eye
III. Tea from Assam by ARUP KUMAR DATTA
Thinking about the Text (Page 96-97)
Question I:
1. Look at these words: upkeep, downpour, undergo, dropout, walk-in. They are built up from a verb (keep, pour, go, drop, walk) and an adverb or a particle (up, down, under, out, in).
Use these words appropriately in the sentences below. You may consult a dictionary.
(i) A heavy ____________________ has been forecast due to low pressure in the Bay of Bengal.
(ii) Rakesh will __________________________________ major surgery tomorrow morning.
(iii) My brother is responsible for the ____________________________of our family property.
(iv) The ________________________________ rate for this accountancy course is very high.
(v) She went to the Enterprise Company to attend a __________________________ interview.
Answer:
(i) A heavy downpour has been forecast due to low pressure in the Bay of Bengal.
(ii) Rakesh will undergo major surgery tomorrow morning.
(iii) My brother is responsible for the upkeep of our family property.
(iv) The dropout rate for this accountancy course is very high.
(v) She went to the Enterprise Company to attend a walk-in interview.
2. Now fill in the blanks in the sentences given below by combining the verb given in brackets with one of the words from the box as appropriate.
| over | by | through | out | up | down |
(i) The Army attempted unsuccessfully to ______________________ the Government. (throw)
(ii) Scientists are on the brink of a major _____________________ in cancer research. (break)
(iii) The State Government plans to build a ________________ for Bhubaneswar to speed up traffic on the main highway. (pass)
(iv) Gautama’s ________________ on life changed when he realised that the world is full of sorrow. (look)
(v) Rakesh seemed unusually _________________________ after the game. (cast)
Answer:
(i) The Army attempted unsuccessfully to overthrow the Government.
(ii) Scientists are on the brink of a major breakthrough in cancer research.
(iii) The State Government plans to build a bypass for Bhubaneswar to speed up traffic on the main highway. (pass)
(iv) Gautama’s outlook on life changed when he realised that the world is full of sorrow.
(v) Rakesh seemed unusually downcast after the game.
Question II:
Notice how these -ing and -ed adjectives are used.
| (a) Chess is an interesting game. | I am very interested in chess. |
| (b) Going trekking in the Himalayas this summer is an exciting idea. | We are very excited about the trek. |
| (c) Are all your school books this boring? | He was bored as he had no friends there. |
The -ing adjectives show the qualities that chess, trekking, or these books have: they cause interest, excitement, or boredom in you. The —ed/—en adjectives show your mental state, or your physical state: how you feel in response to ideas, events or things.
1. Think of suitable -ing or -ed adjectives to answer the following questions. You may also use words from those given above.
How would you describe
(i) a good detective serial on television? _________________________________________
(ii) a debate on your favourite topic ‘Homework Should Be Banned’? ______________________
(iii) how you feel when you stay indoors due to incessant rain? __________________________
(iv) how you feel when you open a present? _______________________________________
(v) how you feel when you watch your favourite programme on television? __________________
(vi) the look on your mother’s face as you waited in a queue? ____________________________
(vii) how you feel when tracking a tiger in a tiger reserve forest? __________________________
(viii) the story you have recently read, or a film you have seen? ___________________________
Answer:
(i) a good detective serial on television? Interesting
(ii) a debate on your favourite topic ‘Homework Should Be Banned’? Exciting
(iii) how you feel when you stay indoors due to incessant rain? Bored
(iv) how you feel when you open a present? Excited
(v) how you feel when you watch your favourite programme on television? Interested
(vi) the look on your mother’s face as you waited in a queue? Fatigued
(vii) how you feel when tracking a tiger in a tiger reserve forest? Thrilled
(viii) the story you have recently read, or a film you have seen? Interesting
2. Now use the adjectives in the exercise above, as appropriate, to write a paragraph about Coorg.
Answer:
Activity to be done by yourself.